All cellular life—from humans to bacteria—possesses two layers of immunity: innate and adaptive. Scientists have long ...

Innate lymphoid cells, which curiously behave like T cells even though they don’t recognize specific antigens, show promise as a potential cancer therapeutic. In the years that followed, other groups ...

C-Type lectin receptors (CLRs) constitute a family of pattern recognition receptors expressed primarily on myeloid cells that detect carbohydrate moieties on fungal cell walls. Through recognition of ...

Scientists generally agree that eukaryotes, the domain of life whose cells contain nuclei and that includes almost all multicellular organisms, originated from a process involving the symbiotic union ...

Scientists have advanced the field of cancer treatment by leveraging the body’s immune system to recognize and target tumors. The study of the immune | Immunology ...

Unlike transient innate immune activation, trained immunity is characterized by long-lasting but reversible functional reprogramming of monocytes, macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and ...

Kidney cells are continuously exposed to ischemic, metabolic, toxic, and immunological stressors. These insults activate a conserved repertoire of ...

The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has an enzyme that can counteract a cell's innate defense mechanism against viruses, explaining why it is more infectious than the previous SARS and MERS-causing ...

Researchers have shown that innate immune training, also known as trained immunity (TRIM), leads to aggravated bone loss in experimental models of periodontitis and inflammatory arthritis. Clinical ...