Stackups can range from the simplest four-layer PCB to complex stackups requiring sequential lamination. Let's take the humble four-layer PCB. PCB designers not familiar with fabrication may be ...

This is the first of several articles in the PCB Design Best Practices series, which discusses the different steps of PCB development from the basics of creating a design schematic with specific ...

A printed circuit board (PCB) is much like a complicated city, with a myriad of intertwined pathways for data signals and power. To meet the electric current needs of modern, high-powered integrated ...

Once a printed circuit board (PCB) has been assembled it’s rather hard to look inside of it, which can be problematic when you have e.g. a multilayer PCB of an (old) system that you really would like ...

Every switch-mode power supply presents a wide-band noise source. Integrating a DC/DC converter from the car board net into an automotive control unit and still fulfilling the EMC requirements of ...

Many readers are certainly familiar with the process for home-etching of PCBs: it’s considered very straightforward, if a little involved, today. This was not the case in my youth, when I first ...

Printed-circuit-board (PCB) substrate material, like FR-4 glass epoxy, is a poor conductor of heat. Conversely, copper is an excellent conductor of heat. So, more copper area on a PCB is ideal from a ...